A Rare Case of Pulmonary Sclerosing Pneumocytoma Diagnosed by Endoscopic Ultrasound (EUS)

Document Type

Conference Proceeding

Publication Date

10-1-2024

Publication Title

Am J Gastroenterol

Abstract

Introduction: Pulmonary sclerosing pneumocytoma (PSP), formerly known as pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma, is a rare benign lung tumor with malignant potential. It mostly affects middle- aged women of Asian descent and is usually incidentally found, as most patients do not exhibit obvious medical symptoms. Cytological and immunohistochemical analysis is essential for definitive diagnosis of PSP. Analysis is typically performed on biopsy specimen obtained via image-guided fine needle aspiration (FNA) and endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA). We present a case of a middle-aged woman diagnosed with PSP via Endoscopic Ultrasound (EUS)-guided FNA of a pulmonary nodule. To our knowledge, there are no reports of cases of PSP diagnosed with EUS-FNA. Case Description/Methods: A 54-year-old white woman, who is an ex-smoker with a family history of lung cancer, presented with right clavicle swelling after shoulder injury. A chest x-ray incidentally revealed a soft tissue mass seen on the lateral view just anterior to the xiphoid. Cross-sectional imaging of the chest showed a 14 mm para-mediastinal nodule extending to the mediastinal pleura in the medial basal segment of the right lower lobe in close proximity to the distal esophagus (Figure 1). Due to proximity to the esophagus, this area was felt to be accessible with EUS. Endosonographic examination revealed a 17 mm by 10 mm extramural well-defined hypoechoic lesion with a microcystic component outside the distal esophageal wall and abutting it. EUS-guided FNA of the lesion was performed. Histopathological examination revealed atypical alveolar type 2-like pneumocytes concerning for Sclerosing Pneumocytoma. The patient underwent wedge resection and is currently undergoing surveillance imaging. Discussion: PSP is a rare, slow-growing benign lung tumor with malignant potential. Most patients are asymptomatic on presentation. Diagnosis is frequently incidental, and a definitive diagnosis requires histopathological examination. EUS-FNA can be a safe and minimally invasive tool to aid in the diagnosis of this rare condition when it is in close proximity to the gastrointestinal tract. Our case highlights the utility of EUS-FNA in diagnosis and management of unique mediastinal and lung lesions outside of the GI tract. (Figure Presented).

Volume

119

Issue

10

First Page

S2628

Last Page

S2629

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