Document Type

Article

Publication Date

3-19-2019

Publication Title

Int J Surg Case Rep

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus occurs in patients on chronic lithium treatment even after lithium discontinuation. Patients affected by this disorder are highly vulnerable to hypernatremia when they cannot respond to their thirst mechanism. We report a rare case of hypernatremia due to undiagnosed nephrogenic diabetes insipidus post esophagectomy in a patient with remote history of lithium use.

PRESENTATION OF CASE: A 70-year-old female with past medical history of bipolar disorder, chronic kidney disease and pheochromocytoma underwent an elective esophagectomy for esophageal adenocarcinoma. Lithium was discontinued 10 years prior to her presentation. She was kept nil per os post operatively and subsequently developed altered mental status necessitating intubation. Her sodium level was found to be 156 mmol/L. A water deprivation test and desmopressin trial confirmed nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. Days after dextrose 5% in water infusion, free water flushes through the jejunostomy tube and hydrochlorothiazide, her hypernatremia improved slowly with subsequent improvement in her mental status.

DISCUSSION: Several mechanisms have been described in literature to explain the persistent damage caused by lithium on the kidneys. When patients lose access to a source of free water and are resuscitated with normal saline post operatively, they are at risk of developing life-threatening hypernatremia. This can be avoided by aggressive hydration with appropriate fluid replacement.

CONCLUSION: Surgeons should be aware of the persistent renal defects caused by long term lithium use and development of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus even years after medication cessation.

PubMed ID

30921589

Volume

57

First Page

71

Last Page

73

Share

COinS
 
 

To view the content in your browser, please download Adobe Reader or, alternately,
you may Download the file to your hard drive.

NOTE: The latest versions of Adobe Reader do not support viewing PDF files within Firefox on Mac OS and if you are using a modern (Intel) Mac, there is no official plugin for viewing PDF files within the browser window.