Clinical Outcomes of Coronary Artery Perforation Treated With Covered Stents: The Impact of Intravascular Ultrasound Guidance in a Contemporary Cohort

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

11-1-2025

Publication Title

J Soc Cardiovasc Angiogr Interv

Keywords

coronary artery perforation; covered stents; intravascular ultrasound; percutaneous coronary intervention; target vessel revascularization

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Coronary artery perforation (CAP) during percutaneous coronary intervention carries significant morbidity and mortality; however, data are limited regarding the specific role of intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) in evaluating and guiding management after CAP occurs and whether this approach improves clinical outcomes.

METHODS: This study consisted of a retrospective analysis of all patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention and experienced CAP treated with covered stents at a single tertiary care hospital between December 2014 and January 2024. The primary outcome was target vessel revascularization (TVR). Secondary outcomes included mortality, myocardial infarction, in-stent restenosis, and emergency cardiac surgery. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the association between IVUS and outcomes.

RESULTS: Between 2014 and January 2024, 127 cases of CAP treated using covered stents were identified. Of these, 34 patients (26.8%) underwent IVUS-guided covered stent optimization, whereas 93 patients (73.2%) did not undergo IVUS. Patients in the IVUS group were older (75.1 ± 8.4 vs 61.0 ± 10.3 years; P < .001) and predominantly women (55.9% vs 31.2%; P = .020). The IVUS was more frequently used for left anterior descending artery perforations (64.7% vs 36.6%; P = .009). IVUS was associated with a reduced risk of TVR during an average follow-up of 60.3 months (adjusted odds ratio, 0.04; 95% CI, 0.02-0.56; P = .031). Other outcomes, including mortality and repeat myocardial infarction, were similar between the 2 groups.

CONCLUSIONS: The use of IVUS in patients requiring covered stents for CAP treatment, despite higher procedural complexity and a higher prevalence of severe perforations, was associated with significantly reduced TVR. This suggests a potential role for IVUS in improving clinical outcomes following CAP.

PubMed ID

41324050

Volume

4

Issue

11

First Page

103919

Last Page

103919

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