Restoration of Mitochondrial Cardiolipin Attenuates Cardiac Damage in Swine Renovascular Hypertension

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

5-31-2016

Publication Title

J Am Heart Assoc

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Renovascular hypertension (RVH) impairs cardiac structure and left ventricular (LV) function, but whether mitochondrial injury is implicated in RVH-induced myocardial damage and dysfunction has not been defined. We hypothesized that cardiac remodeling in swine RVH is partly attributable to cardiac mitochondrial injury.

METHODS AND RESULTS: After 12 weeks of hypercholesterolemic (HC)-RVH or control (n=14 each), pigs were treated for another 4 weeks with vehicle or with the mitochondrial-targeted peptide (MTP), Bendavia (0.1 mg/kg subcutaneously, 5 days/week), which stabilizes mitochondrial inner-membrane cardiolipin (n=7 each). Cardiac function was subsequently assessed by multidetector-computed tomography and oxygenation by blood-oxygen-level-dependent magnetic resonance imaging. Cardiolipin content, mitochondrial biogenesis, as well as sarcoplasmic-reticulum calcium cycling, myocardial tissue injury, and coronary endothelial function were assessed ex vivo. Additionally, mitochondrial cardiolipin content, oxidative stress, and bioenergetics were assessed in rat cardiomyocytes incubated with tert-butyl hydroperoxide (tBHP) untreated or treated with MTP. Chronic mitoprotection in vivo restored cardiolipin content and mitochondrial biogenesis. Thapsigargin-sensitive sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase activity that declined in HC-RVH normalized in MTP-treated pigs. Mitoprotection also improved LV relaxation (E/A ratio) and ameliorated cardiac hypertrophy, without affecting blood pressure or systolic function. Myocardial remodeling and coronary endothelial function improved only in MTP-treated pigs. In tBHP-treated cardiomyocytes, mitochondrial targeting attenuated a fall in cardiolipin content and bioenergetics.

CONCLUSIONS: Chronic mitoprotection blunted myocardial hypertrophy, improved LV relaxation, and attenuated myocardial cellular and microvascular remodeling, despite sustained HC-RVH, suggesting that mitochondrial injury partly contributes to hypertensive cardiomyopathy.

Comments

© authors, original version available at: 10.1161/JAHA.115.003118

Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License

Medical Subject Headings

Animals; Antioxidants; Apoptosis; Cardiolipins; Cardiomyopathies; Disease Models, Animal; Enzyme Inhibitors; Female; Hypertension, Renovascular; Magnetic Resonance Angiography; Microvessels; Mitochondria, Heart; Mitochondrial Diseases; Multidetector Computed Tomography; Oligopeptides; Random Allocation; Renal Artery Obstruction; Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium-Transporting ATPases; Sus scrofa; Swine; Ventricular Dysfunction, Left; Ventricular Remodeling; tert-Butylhydroperoxide

PubMed ID

27247333

Volume

5

Issue

6

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