CLINICAL, MOLECULAR, AND EXOSOMAL MECHANISMS OF CARDIAC AND BRAIN DYSFUNCTION IN SEPSIS

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

2-1-2023

Publication Title

Shock (Augusta, Ga.)

Abstract

Sepsis is a complex disease resulting from a dysregulated inflammatory response to an infection. Initiation of sepsis occurs from a localized infection that disseminates to the bloodstream placing all organ systems at risk. Septic shock is classically observed to manifest itself as systemic hypotension with hyporesponsiveness to vasopressor agents. Myocardial dysfunction occurs resulting in an inability to perfuse major organ systems throughout the body. Most importantly, the brain is hypoperfused creating an ischemic and inflammatory state resulting in the clinical observation of acute mental status changes and cognitive dysfunction commonly known as sepsis-associated encephalopathy. This short review describes the inflammatory molecular mechanisms of myocardial dysfunction, discusses the evidence of the dual roles of the microglia resulting in blood-brain barrier disruption, and suggests that septic-derived exosomes, endosome-derived lipid bilayer spheroids released from living cells, influence cardiac and neurological cellular function.

Medical Subject Headings

Humans; Sepsis; Shock, Septic; Heart; Cardiomyopathies; Brain Diseases

PubMed ID

36731014

Volume

59

Issue

2

First Page

173

Last Page

179

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