Continuous Glucose Monitoring Versus Usual Care in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Receiving Multiple Daily Insulin Injections: A Randomized Trial
Recommended Citation
Beck RW, Riddlesworth TD, Ruedy K, Ahmann A, Haller S, Kruger D, McGill JB, Polonsky W, Price D, Aronoff S, Aronson R, Toschi E, Kollman C, and Bergenstal R. Continuous glucose monitoring versus usual care in patients with type 2 diabetes receiving multiple daily insulin injections: A randomized trial. Ann Intern Med 2017; 167(6):365-374.
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
9-19-2017
Publication Title
Annals of internal medicine
Abstract
Background: Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM), which studies have shown is beneficial for adults with type 1 diabetes, has not been well-evaluated in those with type 2 diabetes receiving insulin.
Objective: To determine the effectiveness of CGM in adults with type 2 diabetes receiving multiple daily injections of insulin.
Design: Randomized clinical trial. (The protocol also included a type 1 diabetes cohort in a parallel trial and subsequent second trial.) (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02282397).
Setting: 25 endocrinology practices in North America.
Patients: 158 adults who had had type 2 diabetes for a median of 17 years (interquartile range, 11 to 23 years). Participants were aged 35 to 79 years (mean, 60 years [SD, 10]), were receiving multiple daily injections of insulin, and had hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels of 7.5% to 9.9% (mean, 8.5%).
Intervention: Random assignment to CGM (n = 79) or usual care (control group, n = 79).
Measurements: The primary outcome was HbA1c reduction at 24 weeks.
Results: Mean HbA1c levels decreased to 7.7% in the CGM group and 8.0% in the control group at 24 weeks (adjusted difference in mean change, -0.3% [95% CI, -0.5% to 0.0%]; P = 0.022). The groups did not differ meaningfully in CGM-measured hypoglycemia or quality-of-life outcomes. The CGM group averaged 6.7 days (SD, 0.9) of CGM use per week.
Limitation: 6-month follow-up.
Conclusion: A high percentage of adults who received multiple daily insulin injections for type 2 diabetes used CGM on a daily or near-daily basis for 24 weeks and had improved glycemic control. Because few insulin-treated patients with type 2 diabetes currently use CGM, these results support an additional management method that may benefit these patients.
Primary Funding Source: Dexcom.
Medical Subject Headings
Adult; Aged; Bacterial Proteins; Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Drug Administration Schedule; Glycated Hemoglobin A; Humans; Hypoglycemia; Hypoglycemic Agents; Insulin; Membrane Proteins; Middle Aged; Patient Satisfaction; Quality of Life
PubMed ID
28828487
Volume
167
Issue
6
First Page
365
Last Page
374
