Obesity And Adiposity Are Associated With Decreased Anti-Mullerian Hormone (AMH) Levels In A Reproductive Aged Latina/LatinX Population

Document Type

Conference Proceeding

Publication Date

10-5-2023

Publication Title

J Endocr Soc

Abstract

Objective: Research suggests that obesity has an adverse effect on ovarian reserve, as assessed by AMH. Prior studies have explored this association predominantly in non-Hispanic Caucasian and African American cohorts. In addition, few studies have utilized metrics beyond BMI to characterize adiposity. The objective of this study was to examine the association of obesity/adiposity with AMH in a Latina/LatinX population using multiple measures of obesity/adiposity.

Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study utilized data from the Environment, Leiomyomas, Latinas, and Adiposity Study (ELLAS). ELLAS is a prospective longitudinal cohort study following Latina/LatinX females for 5 years. ELLAS used community based participatory research principles for engagement. Participants were between the ages of 21-50 at time of enrollment. Data from the first study visit were utilized for analysis. Assessment included anthropometrics, measurement of body composition using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) (Tanita MC-280U) and serum AMH (pico-AMH assay, Ansh Labs). The association between BMI on AMH was assessed as a continuous and categorical outcome. Adiposity based on body fat %, and visceral adiposity index (VAI) was studied in relation to AMH using linear regression models. Statistical associations were determined using Chi-square, Wilcoxon rank-sum and linear or logistic regression as appropriate.

Results: 621 women completed the first study visit and had BMI and AMH data available. BIA data was available on 591 participants. The mean age of participants was 37.5 ± 7.0 years. The mean BMI was 30.1 ± 6.8 kg/m2 with 261 (42%) of participants classified as having obesity by BMI (≥30 kg/m2 ). 214 women (34.5%) reported irregular menses and 89 reported currently taking hormonal contraception (HC) (14.3%). BMI was negatively associated with AMH (β=-0.055 p=0.014), however, this association was no longer significant after adjusting for age. Similarly, body fat % and VAI were also negatively associated with AMH (β=-0.058 p= 0.013, and β=-0.256 p<0.001), however this association was attenuated after adjusting for age. When the analysis was restricted to women not taking HC and with regular menses (n=290), higher BMI remained negatively associated with AMH after adjusting for age (β=-0.04, p=0.003). Similarly, higher body fat % and VAI were also negatively associated with AMH after adjusting for age (β=-0.04, p=0.005, and β=-0.090 p=0.009). Highest lifetime BMI was also associated with AMH after adjusting for age (β=-0.03, p=0.03).

Conclusions: Among a cohort of Latina/LatinX females with normal menses, obesity and adiposity as assessed by BMI, body fat % and visceral adiposity index were negatively associated with AMH. This suggests that excess adiposity may compromise ovarian reserve and demonstrates the importance of assessing baseline gynecologic characteristics.

Volume

7

Issue

Suppl 1

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