Recommended Citation
Morgan JB, Liu Y, Coothankandaswamy V, Mahdi F, Jekabsons MB, Gerwick WH, Valeriote FA, Zhou YD, and Nagle DG. Kalkitoxin inhibits angiogenesis, disrupts cellular hypoxic signaling, and blocks mitochondrial electron transport in tumor cells. Mar Drugs 2015; 13(3):1552-1568.
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
3-20-2015
Publication Title
Mar Drugs
Abstract
The biologically active lipopeptide kalkitoxin was previously isolated from the marine cyanobacterium Moorea producens (Lyngbya majuscula). Kalkitoxin exhibited N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-mediated neurotoxicity and acted as an inhibitory ligand for voltage-sensitive sodium channels in cultured rat cerebellar granule neurons. Subsequent studies revealed that kalkitoxin generated a delayed form of colon tumor cell cytotoxicity in 7-day clonogenic cell survival assays. Cell line- and exposure time-dependent cytostatic/cytotoxic effects were previously observed with mitochondria-targeted inhibitors of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1). The transcription factor HIF-1 functions as a key regulator of oxygen homeostasis. Therefore, we investigated the ability of kalkitoxin to inhibit hypoxic signaling in human tumor cell lines. Kalkitoxin potently and selectively inhibited hypoxia-induced activation of HIF-1 in T47D breast tumor cells (IC50 5.6 nM). Mechanistic studies revealed that kalkitoxin inhibits HIF-1 activation by suppressing mitochondrial oxygen consumption at electron transport chain (ETC) complex I (NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase). Further studies indicate that kalkitoxin targets tumor angiogenesis by blocking the induction of angiogenic factors (i.e., VEGF) in tumor cells.
Medical Subject Headings
Angiogenesis Inhibitors; Breast Neoplasms; Cell Hypoxia; Cell Line, Tumor; Electron Transport Complex I; Female; Humans; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1; Inhibitory Concentration 50; Lipids; Mitochondria; Neovascularization, Pathologic; Signal Transduction; Thiazoles; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
PubMed ID
25803180
Volume
13
Issue
3
First Page
1552
Last Page
1568
