Primary and metastatic cellular landscapes in human pancreatic cancer

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

8-15-2025

Publication Title

iScience

Abstract

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is characterized by a complex tumor microenvironment (TME). We utilized single cell RNA sequencing to compare the TMEs of metastatic sites and primary tumors. We detected increased prevalence of exhausted CD8(+) T cells in metastases, as well as the enrichment of complement pathway encoding genes in immunosuppressive tumor-associated macrophages, consistent with profound immunosuppression in metastatic disease. In cancer-associated fibroblasts, we identified a unique upregulation of metabolic genes, including UPP1, in metastasis. In cancer cells, we uncovered a specific gene signature upregulated in liver metastases; this signature was present in a proportion of primary tumors in the TCGA dataset, where it correlated with worse survival. Overall, our analysis of primary and metastatic PDAC defines a "high-risk" gene signature, metabolic reprogramming, and increased immune suppression in metastasis.

PubMed ID

40703450

Volume

28

Issue

8

First Page

113012

Last Page

113012

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