Phase 1 study of fianlimab (anti-LAG- 3) plus cemiplimab (anti-PD- 1) in advanced melanoma: Post-adjuvant PD-1 and poor prognosis subgroup analyses

Document Type

Conference Proceeding

Publication Date

1-11-2024

Publication Title

Pigment Cell and Melanoma Research

Keywords

cemiplimab, fianlimab, lactate dehydrogenase, lymphocyte activation gene 3 protein, adult, aged, cohort analysis, conference abstract, drug combination, drug therapy, drug toxicity, female, follow up, human, liver metastasis, major clinical study, male, melanoma, middle aged, monotherapy, phase 1 clinical trial, phase 3 clinical trial, prognosis, response evaluation criteria in solid tumors, systemic therapy

Abstract

Previously, we reported an ORR of 63.8% in patients (pts) with anti-PD- ( L)1-naïve advanced melanoma (Mel) treated with anti-LAG- 3 (fianlimab) + anti-PD- 1 (cemiplimab) antibodies (NCT03005782). Here, we report updated safety and efficacy data from three expansion cohorts: anti-PD- ( L)1-naïve pts (MM1); systemic treatment (Tx)-naïve pts (MM2); pts with prior (neo)adjuvant (adj) systemic Tx, including anti-PD- 1, who had a disease-and treatment-free interval >6 months (mos; MM3). We also report ad hoc subgroup analyses by presence of poor prognosis factors at baseline. Pts with advanced non-uveal Mel were treated with fianlimab 1600 mg + cemiplimab 350 mg IV every 3 weeks (wks) for 12 mos (+ optional 12 mos further if clinically indicated). Tumors were assessed per RECIST 1.1 every 6 wks for 24 wks, then every 9 wks. As of Nov 1, 2022 data cutoff, 40 pts each in cohorts MM1 and MM2, and 18 pts in cohort MM3 were treated with fianlimab + cemiplimab. Prior systemic (neo)adj Tx for Mel was received by 23.5% of pts. Median (IQR) follow-up and Tx durations were 12.6 mos (8.6-19) and 32.9 wks (15-54), respectively. In a combined ad hoc analysis of 98 pts, RECIST 1.1-based ORR was 61.2%, with median DOR (mDOR) not reached (NR) (95% CI 22.6-not estimated [NE]) and median PFS (mPFS; Kaplan-Meier estimate) 15.3 (95% CI 9.4-NE) mos. In pts with prior anti-PD- 1 adj Tx (n = 13), ORR, mDOR and mPFS were 61.5%, NR and 11.8 mos, respectively. In the subgroup of pts with LDH > ULN (n = 32), ORR, DCR and mPFS were 53.1%, 71.9% and 11.8 mos (95% CI 3.7-NE), respectively. In pts with liver metastases (n = 21), ORR, DCR and mPFS were 42.9%, 57.1% and 4.2 mos, respectively. In pts with visceral organ metastases and LDH > ULN (n = 17), ORR, DCR and mPFS were 35.3%, 58.8% and 7.1 mos, respectively. Overall, 43.9%, 32.7% and 65.3% of pts experienced Grade ≥3 TEAEs, serious TEAEs and immune-related AEs, respectively. High clinical activity of fianlimab + cemiplimab was shown in pts with advanced Mel post-adj anti-PD- 1 Tx and in pts with poor prognosis features. Our results demonstrate encouraging clinical activity relative to other immune checkpoint monotherapies or combinations used in this clinical setting. Phase 3 trials of fianlimab + cemiplimab in Tx-naïve advanced Mel (NCT05352672) and in the high-risk adjuvant setting (NCT05608291) are ongoing .

Volume

37

Issue

1

First Page

217

Last Page

218

Share

COinS