Clinical Outcomes and Bacterial Characteristics of Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Among Patients from Different Global Regions
Recommended Citation
Wang M, Ge L, Chen L, Komarow L, Hanson B, Reyes J, Cober E, Alenazi T, Zong Z, Xie Q, Liu Z, Li L, Yu Y, Gao H, Kanj SS, Figueroa J, Herc E, Cordova E, Weston G, Ananth Tambyah P, Garcia-Diaz J, Kaye KS, Dhar S, Munita JM, Salata RA, Vilchez S, Stryjewski ME, Villegas Botero MV, Iovleva A, Evans S, Baum K, Hill C, Kreiswirth BN, Patel R, Paterson DL, Arias CA, Bonomo RA, Chambers HF, Fowler VG, Satlin MJ, van Duin D, and Doi Y. Clinical Outcomes and Bacterial Characteristics of Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Among Patients from Different Global Regions. Clin Infect Dis 2023.
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
9-20-2023
Publication Title
Clinical infectious diseases
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAb) is one of the most problematic antimicrobial-resistant bacteria. We sought to elucidate the international epidemiology and clinical impact of CRAb.
METHODS: In a prospective observational cohort study, 842 hospitalized patients with a clinical CRAb culture were enrolled at 46 hospitals in five global regions between 2017 and 2019. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality at 30 days from the index culture. The strains underwent whole-genome analysis.
RESULTS: Of 842 cases, 536 (64%) represented infection. By 30 days, 128 (24%) of the infected patients died, ranging from 1 (6%) of 18 in Australia-Singapore to 54 (25%) of 216 in the United States and 24 (49%) of 49 in South-Central America, whereas 42 (14%) of non-infected patients died. Bacteremia was associated with a higher risk of death compared with other types of infection (40 [42%] of 96 vs. 88 [20%] of 440). In a multivariable logistic regression analysis, bloodstream infection and higher age-adjusted Charlson comorbidity index were independently associated with 30-day mortality. Clonal group 2 (CG2) strains predominated except in South-Central America, ranging from 216 (59%) of 369 in the United States to 282 (97%) of 291 in China. Acquired carbapenemase genes were carried by 769 (91%) of the 842 isolates. CG2 strains were significantly associated with higher levels of meropenem resistance, yet non-CG2 cases were over-represented among the deaths compared with CG2 cases.
CONCLUSIONS: CRAb infection types and clinical outcomes differed significantly across regions. While CG2 strains remained predominant, non-CG2 strains were associated with higher mortality.
CLINICALTRIALS.GOV: #NCT03646227.
PubMed ID
37738153
ePublication
ePub ahead of print
