Clinical outcomes in patients infected with ertapenem-only-resistant Enterobacterales versus multi-carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

8-1-2024

Publication Title

The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Use of anti-carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (anti-CRE) agents such as ceftazidime/avibactam has been associated with improved clinical outcome in cohorts that primarily include patients infected with CRE that are resistant to meropenem (MCRE).

OBJECTIVES: To clarify whether patients with CRE resistant to ertapenem but susceptible to meropenem (ertapenem-only-resistant Enterobacterales; EORE) benefit from therapy with anti-CRE agents.

METHODS: Patients treated for CRE infection in hospitals in the USA between 2016 and 2019 and enrolled in the CRACKLE-2 study were included. The primary outcome was the desirability of outcome ranking (DOOR) assessed at 30 days after index cultures.

RESULTS: The EORE group included 213 patients and the MCRE group included 643. The demographics were similar between the groups except for the patients' race and origin before admission. The MCRE group received anti-CRE agents for definitive therapy significantly more frequently compared with the EORE group (30% versus 5% for ceftazidime/avibactam). We did not observe a significant difference between the groups in the adjusted DOOR probability of a more desirable outcome for a randomly selected patient in the EORE group compared with the MCRE group (52.5%; 95% CI, 48.3%-56.7%). The MCRE group had a similar proportion of patients who died at 30 days (26% versus 21%) and who were discharged to home (29% versus 40%), compared with the EORE group.

CONCLUSIONS: Patients with clinical EORE infection rarely received anti-CRE agents, but attained similar outcomes compared with patients with MCRE infection. The findings support current IDSA treatment guidance for meropenem- or imipenem-based therapy for treatment of EORE infections.

Medical Subject Headings

Humans; Ertapenem; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Male; Female; Enterobacteriaceae Infections; Middle Aged; Aged; Treatment Outcome; Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae; Ceftazidime; Meropenem; Drug Combinations; Azabicyclo Compounds; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; Adult; Enterobacteriaceae

PubMed ID

38863337

ePublication

ePub ahead of print

Volume

79

Issue

8

First Page

1929

Last Page

1937

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