Incidence of Gallstone Formation in Type 2 Diabetes Patients Treated With GLP-1 Agonists: A 24-Month Prospective Study
Recommended Citation
Salem AE, Abosheaishaa H, Elfert K, Baqir SM, Zaaya M, Siriya P, Meribout S, Kodilinye SM, Mohammadrezaei F, Abusuliman M, Parraga CB, Mohamed I, Sandhu SP, Ibrahim M, DiLeo DA, Roland BC, Jovani M. Incidence of Gallstone Formation in Type 2 Diabetes Patients Treated With GLP-1 Agonists: A 24-Month Prospective Study. Am J Gastroenterol 2024; 119(10):S1534.
Document Type
Conference Proceeding
Publication Date
10-1-2024
Publication Title
Am J Gastroenterol
Abstract
Introduction: This prospective study aimed to investigate the incidence of gallstone formation in patients with type 2 diabetes undergoing treatment with glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonists for weight loss. Methods: A cohort of 229 patients with type 2 diabetes prescribed GLP-1 agonists for weight management was followed over 24 months. Baseline data, including demographics, clinical characteristics, and metabolic profiles, were recorded. Regular ultrasonography was performed to detect gallstone development at baseline, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the association between GLP-1 agonist use and gallstone formation, adjusting for age, gender, duration of diabetes, body mass index (BMI), and GLP-1 agonist type. Subgroup analyses explored the impact of various GLP-1 agonists on gallstone risk. Results: Throughout the study period, 78 out of 229 patients (34%) developed gallstones. The cumulative incidence rate of gallstone formation was 33.6% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 27.6%-39.6%). Significant differences were observed across various subgroups. Patients with a diabetes duration longer than 10 years had an incidence rate of 44.6% (95% CI: 34.8%-54.4%), whereas those with a BMI over 30 had an incidence rate of 39.8% (95% CI: 31.1%-48.5%). Among the GLP-1 agonists, patients treated with liraglutide had a 35.7% incidence rate (95% CI: 27.2%-44.2%), while those on semaglutide had a 31.6% rate (95% CI: 24.1%-39.1%). At univariate logistic regression analysis the association between GLP-1 agonist therapy and gallstone development with an adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 2.1 (95% CI: 1.5-2.9, P < 0.01).Multivariable analysis adjusted for age, gender, duration of diabetes, BMI, and specific GLP-1 agonist preserved the strength of this association (adjusted OR 2.1; 95% CI: 1.5-2.9, P < 0.01), underscoring the heightened risk of gallstones in this patient population. Conclusion: In this prospective we found that there is an increased risk of gallstone formation in patients with type 2 diabetes treated with GLP-1 agonists for weight loss. The findings underscore the necessity for clinicians to recognize this potential complication and implement vigilant monitoring strategies. Tailored patient management plans, including regular ultrasonographic screening and individualized risk assessments, are recommended to mitigate the risk of gallstones in patients undergoing GLP-1 agonist therapy. .
Volume
119
Issue
10
First Page
S1534
