Assessing minimum two-year follow-up PROMIS scores after total shoulder arthroplasty: Is there a difference between 1- and 2-year outcomes?

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

6-2-2025

Publication Title

J Orthop

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Historically 2-year outcomes have served as a standard to evaluate functional improvement after shoulder arthroplasty. However, recent studies suggest that legacy patient-reported outcomes often plateau at 1 year. Evaluation of newer patient-reported outcomes, such as Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System scores, has yet to be performed. This study aimed to assess differences in PROMIS Upper Extremity function and PROMIS Pain Interference between 1 and 2 years after primary shoulder arthroplasty.

METHODS: We retrospectively identified 199 patients from a single-center, multi-surgeon database who underwent primary anatomic and reverse total shoulder arthroplasty from 2017 to 2022 and had 1-year and 2-year PROMIS scores. Forty-six of these patients had 1- and 2-year follow-up where clinical outcomes were measured. Patients undergoing revision surgeries, hemiarthroplasty, and those lacking both 1-year and 2-year PROMIS scores were excluded. Statistical analysis was done using non-parametric analysis tests such as the Mann-Whitney U Test.

RESULTS: In the overall cohort of 199 patients, no statistically significant difference was observed in PROMIS Upper Extremity scores between the 1-year (mean: 39.06 ± 8.5) and 2-year (mean: 38.26 ± 8.3) postoperative time points (p = 0.22). PROMIS Pain Interference scores showed a statistically significant increase from 55.25 ± 6.7 at 1 year to 56.74 ± 7.1 at 2 years (p = 0.01), but this change did not meet the minimal clinically important difference threshold. An analysis of patients with clinical follow-up revealed no significant differences in PROMIS Upper Extremity or PROMIS Pain Interference scores (p > 0.05). Additionally, no statistically significant differences were found in other clinical outcomes, including visual analog scale pain scores (1-year: 1.15 ± 0.9, 2-year: 1.48 ± 1.1, p = 0.51), range of motion, and strength measurements between the 1- and 2-year follow-ups (p > 0.05).

CONCLUSION: Patients undergoing total shoulder arthroplasty demonstrate no significant differences in PROMIS scores between 1-year and 2-year follow-up, suggesting that patients likely reach their maximal benefit of PROMIS scores at the 1-year follow-up timepoint.

PubMed ID

40547812

Volume

69

First Page

172

Last Page

175

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