Awareness of the link between HPV and cancer according to cancer type and gender in the US from 2014-2020

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

12-1-2026

Publication Title

Hum Vaccin Immunother

Keywords

Humans, Male, Female, Papillomavirus Infections, Adult, United States, Middle Aged, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Uterine Cervical Neoplasms, Young Adult, Penile Neoplasms, Aged, Anus Neoplasms, Neoplasms, Mouth Neoplasms, Sex Factors, Adolescent, Papillomaviridae

Abstract

While sociodemographic differences in the population awareness of the link between HPV and HPV-associated cancers have been observed in the US, it is unclear how cancer type and gender contribute to these differences. We examined variations in US adults' awareness of the link between HPV and HPV-related cancers over time according to gender. We used data from the 2014-2020 Health Information National Trends Survey. Exposure was gender (men versus women), and outcomes were self-reported awareness of the causal link between HPV and cancers (cervical, anal, penile and oral cancer). A total of 10,933 participants were included in this study. Awareness of the link between HPV and cervical cancer was high (77.6% in 2014) but decreased by 7.4% between 2014 and 2020. In contrast, awareness of the link between HPV and anal, oral, and penile cancers was low (around 30% for each cancer type) and remained stable between 2014 and 2020. From 2014 to 2020, gender difference gradually widened for cervical cancer (with higher awareness among women versus men) while it gradually faded for anal cancer (with higher awareness among men versus women). For oral and penile cancers, the gender difference that was observed in 2014 (with higher awareness among men versus women) gradually narrowed and then reversed (with higher awareness among women versus men). These findings emphasize the importance of implementing novel and targeted interventions to enhance public knowledge of the HPV-cancer link, particularly for HPV-associated non-cervical cancers. Public health initiatives should focus on developing gender- and cancer type-specific educational campaigns aimed at mitigating misinformation around HPV and HPV-related cancers.

Medical Subject Headings

Humans; Male; Female; Papillomavirus Infections; Adult; United States; Middle Aged; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms; Young Adult; Penile Neoplasms; Aged; Anus Neoplasms; Neoplasms; Mouth Neoplasms; Sex Factors; Adolescent; Papillomaviridae

PubMed ID

41549778

Volume

22

Issue

1

First Page

2610894

Last Page

2610894

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