Characteristics of subjects excluded form an idiopathic hypersomnia randomized clinical trial (ARISE2)

Document Type

Conference Proceeding

Publication Date

12-2019

Publication Title

Sleep Med

Abstract

Introduction: Research of the safety and efficacy of new treatments is conducted via randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Rigorous inclusion and exclusion criteria are standard practice in high-quality RCTs. Inclusion criteria define the target population investigated while exclusion criteria identify participants with characteristics that could increase risk for a negative outcome. To establish a diagnosis of Idiopathic Hypersomni (IH), patients must have daytime sleepiness, impairment in daytime function, normal or extended sleep and exclusion of other hypersomnolence causes. The present report sought to identify the frequency and primary reasons subjects were excluded from ARISE2, a Phase 2 RCT in IH. Methods: Potential study participants with a preliminary diagnosis of IH were screened by a committee of 3 independent sleep diseases experts (authors, AA. LR, TR). The final decision regarding eligibility was determined by a consensus of the committee working with the following pre-specified guidelines: 1. Sleep history consistent with a diagnosis of IH and inconsistent with other causes of hypersomnolence (e.g. SRBD, narcolepsy, insufficient sleep), 2. Historical PSG adequately documenting, TST, SE, sleep stage distribution and an AHI and PLMAI < 15, 3. Historical MSLT showing a mean sleep latency < 8.0m and < 2 REM onsets, 4. Historical and current medication use focusing on potential REM suppressing medications, 5. Current sleep diary demonstrating average > 7 hours in bed nightly over the past week, 6. Current ESS >10, 7. Current Mental fog score from Idiopathic Hypersomnia Symptom Diary (0 to 10 scale) of >6 over the preceding week. Results: Thus far, 134 subjects were reviewed by the committee. Of these, 94(68%) were excluded. The major reasons were : historic MSLT>8 (22), discontinued interest (20), failed to show mental fog score> 5 (12), failed to demonstrate >7 hours mean nocturnal sleep time (10), unable to comply with study restrictions (prohibited concomitant medication washout, alcohol, nicotine, caffeine) (12), ESS< 10 (6), other diagnosed causes of hypersomnolence (5), circadian rhythm sleep disorders (2), abnormal clinical labs (2), BMI>35 (1), CPAP use (1), and elevated suicidality score (1). Conclusion: A majority of patients with a preliminary diagnosis of IH failed study screening due to inability to meet inclusion criteria necessary for the IH diagnosis. Other major reasons include patients withdrawing consent due to inability or unwillingness to commit for the duration of the study as well as inability to comply with protocol (i.e., use of alcohol, nicotine, caffeine or concomitant medications). It is possible that the subjects enrolled are not fully representative of the general IH population or IH may be overly diagnosed in the community setting. Polysomnographic and MSLT data may help enhance the specificity of IH diagnosis when it is coupled with the clinical history. Alternative methods such as all-comer studies and open label clinical case series may be needed to contextualize the results of the more rigorous clinical studies.

Volume

2019

Issue

64

First Page

S327

Last Page

S328

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