Treatment outcomes following TME for biologically unfavorable locally advanced rectal cancer

Document Type

Conference Proceeding

Publication Date

8-30-2025

Publication Title

Colorectal Dis

Abstract

Aim: Many centers now offer organ preservation for locally advanced rectal cancer patients. Our group conducted Phase II trials evaluating this approach, recommending nonoperative management only for patients achieving a complete clinical response (CCR) after total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT). Total mesorectal excision (TME) was advised for non-responders (primary TME), residual cancer after limited local excision (completion TME), or recurrence/regrowth (salvage TME). This study examines outcomes in these biologically unfavorable cases. Methods: All patients received induction FOLFOX followed by chemoradiation, with restaging 12-20 weeks post-TNT. Treatment variables (FOLFOX cycles, radiation dose, consolidation chemo) were tailored to tumor response. Of 35 enrolled patients (mean age 65, 51% female), mean follow-up was 4.4 years. Pelvic control was achieved in all cases, though two developed distant metastases. Results: A total of 35 patients were enrolled between 2016 and 2022, with a mean age of 65 years (range: 40-86). Of these, 51% were female (n = 18) and 49% male (n = 17). The mean tumor distance from the anal verge was 4.6 cm, and the mean tumor length was 4.3 cm. The mean follow-up was 4.4 years. One patient had completion TME, 11 underwent primary TME, and two had salvage TME. 38% (n = 6) had an Abdominoperineal Resection (APR), and 54% (n = 8) had Low Anterior Resection (LAR), all with a diverting loop ileostomy. Surgeries were minimally invasive, with six robotic and the rest laparoscopic. Postoperative complications occurred in 35% (n = 4), with two patients requiring ICU care. Ultimate pelvic control was achieved in all, with two patients developing distant metastases (lung and liver). Conclusion: Salvage TME outcomes are satisfactory, supporting organ preservation strategies.

Volume

27

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