Multivariate Cox proportional hazards model for estimating long-term risk of aging kidney transplant recipients

Document Type

Conference Proceeding

Publication Date

2018

Publication Title

Am J Transplant

Abstract

Purpose: The growing number of elderly kidney transplant recipients (KTR) presents an opportunity to analyze and predict long-term outcomes and risk in this aging population. Methods: A single-center retrospective analysis of medical records from 2003-10 for KTR aged 40-79 on mycophenolate, tacrolimus, and steroid regimen was performed. Baseline variables including age, induction therapy, type of transplant, gender, and race were included in the multivariate Cox proportional hazards (PH) model for mortality, biopsy-proven acute rejection (BPAR), and graft failure (GF). Linear combination of model predictors weighted by regression coefficients in Cox PH model were used as a risk score for events. An optimal cut-off point was selected to classify patients into low vs high groups whereby the log-rank test statistic contrasting the groups would be maximized. Kaplan-Meier (KM) curves and log-rank test were used to assess the survival profiles. Results: 318 KTR were reviewed with median follow-up of 2120 days. Older age is associated with increased hazard ratio (HR) for mortality [1.04 (1.01, 1.06), p=0.003] and decreased HR for BPAR [0.96 (0.94, 0.98), p<0.001], but not associated with GF. KM plots reveal low and high risk groups defi ned by fitted Cox PH models have significant separation (p<0.001) for survival and BPAR. Other findings are increased HR for BPAR for recipients of living unrelated donors [2.23 (1.04, 4.82), p=0.04] vs living related donors and African Americans [1.79 (1.11, 2.92), p=0.02] vs Caucasians. Females experienced decreased HR [0.52 (0.33, 0.83), p=0.01] vs males for BPAR. (Figure presented) Conclusion: The predictive model for KTR informs clinicians of the risks of transplanting an aging population. For every year that age increases, KTR have a lower risk of experiencing BPAR, but a greater risk of mortality.

Volume

18

Issue

Suppl 4

First Page

956

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