Loss of p16 expression and copy number changes of CDKN2A in a spectrum of spitzoid melanocytic lesions.
Recommended Citation
Harms PW, Hocker TL, Zhao L, Chan MP, Andea AA, Wang M, Harms KL, Wang ML, Carskadon S, Palanisamy N, and Fullen DR. Loss of p16 expression and copy number changes of CDKN2A in a spectrum of spitzoid melanocytic lesions. Hum Pathol 2016; 58:152-160.
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
12-1-2016
Publication Title
Human pathology
Abstract
Spitzoid melanocytic lesions, including Spitz nevi (benign), spitzoid melanoma (malignant), and borderline atypical Spitz tumors (ASTs), frequently present challenges for accurate diagnosis and prognosis. Evaluation for loss of the tumor suppressor p16, encoded by CDKN2A gene on chromosome 9p21.3, has been proposed to be useful for evaluation of spitzoid melanocytic lesions. However, reports on the utility of p16 immunohistochemistry for spitzoid lesions have been conflicting, and few studies have directly compared p16 immunohistochemistry with fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for CDKN2A genomic status. We analyzed a spectrum of benign (n=24), borderline (n=27), and malignant (n=19) spitzoid lesions for p16 protein expression by immunohistochemistry and CDKN2A copy number by FISH. Immunohistochemistry was evaluated by 2 scoring methods: H score and 2-tiered score (positive or negative for p16 loss). By immunohistochemistry, loss of p16 expression was not observed in Spitz nevi (0/24) but was seen in ASTs (7/27; 26%) and spitzoid melanomas (3/19; 16%). By H score, p16 expression was significantly higher in Spitz nevi relative to ASTs or spitzoid melanomas. Similarly, copy number aberrations of CDKN2A by FISH were absent in Spitz nevi but were found in 2 (9.5%) of 21 ASTs and 4 (33%) of 12 spitzoid melanomas. Our findings from this large cohort suggest that p16 aberrations are highly specific for borderline and malignant spitzoid neoplasms relative to Spitz nevi. Similar to ASTs, p16 loss in spitzoid melanomas may occur in the presence or absence of genomic CDKN2A loss.
Medical Subject Headings
Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Biomarkers, Tumor; Child; Child, Preschool; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p18; DNA Copy Number Variations; Female; Gene Dosage; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; Infant; Male; Melanoma; Middle Aged; Nevus, Epithelioid and Spindle Cell; Predictive Value of Tests; Reproducibility of Results; Retrospective Studies; Skin Neoplasms; Young Adult
PubMed ID
27569296
Volume
58
First Page
152
Last Page
160
