Attack-free rates and attack characteristics in patients with hereditary angioedema receiving non-androgen long-term prophylaxis

Document Type

Conference Proceeding

Publication Date

10-25-2024

Publication Title

Allergy

Keywords

androgen, lanadelumab, abdominal viscera, adult, aged, angioneurotic edema, cohort analysis, conference abstract, controlled study, drug therapy, edema, emergency department visit, female, hospitalization, human, larynx edema, major clinical study, male, phase 3 clinical trial, prophylaxis, surgery, swelling

Abstract

Background: Despite reductions in the frequency of hereditary angioedema (HAE) attacks reported for non-androgen long-term prophylaxis (LTP) users, these patients continue to experience attacks. To better understand HAE attacks in non-androgen LTP users, we examined the proportion of attack free patients (Cohort 1) and characterized attacks (Cohort 2) in these patients. Method: Data were collected from the Adelphi HAE Disease Specific Programme™ a real-world study in the United States (Jan-Nov 2023). HAE treating physicians provided cross-sectional data from patients' medical charts and their own judgement on demographics, treatment, and attack history. This analysis included HAE patients aged 12+ with HAE type 1 or 2. Cohort 1 included patients receiving non-androgen LTP for ≥12 months. Cohort 2 included patients who experienced ≥1 attack in the 12 months prior to data collection and were receiving non-androgen LTP at the time of their last HAE attack. Results: Overall, 76 physicians reported data for 288 patients; Cohort 1 included 122 patients, mean (±standard deviation) age was 35.7±12.3 years, and 47% were female. Mean time receiving current non-androgen LTP was 2.9±1.8 years and 94 (77%) were also prescribed on-demand treatment. Patients were most frequently receiving lanadelumab (45%). Of cohort 1 patients, 25% were attack-free in the 12 months prior to data collection, however physicians reported only 55% of patients often/always reported their attacks. Cohort 2 included 114 patients with a mean age of 34.5±12.2 years, and 47% were female. On average, patients' last HAE attack was 195 days ago and most frequently caused swelling of the extremities (64%), face and neck (58%), abdominal viscera (47%), and larynx (21%). Attack severity for patients' last attack was mild for 32%, moderate for 50%, severe for 16%, and very severe for 2%. Most patients (76%) treated their last attack with on-demand treatment. Due to their last attack, 12% required an emergency room visit and 7% were hospitalized. Conclusion: Results show 75% of patients receiving non-androgen LTP experienced ≥1 attack in the 12 months prior to data collection. Infrequent reporting of attacks to physicians may also indicate an overestimation of attack-free patients. A high proportion of patients' last attack were moderate to very severe, 21% caused laryngeal swelling, and a considerable number of patients required ER visit/ hospitalization for their last attack.

Volume

79

First Page

294

Last Page

295

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