Frameless Intraoperative CT-Guided Deep Brain Stimulation: A Multi-Institutional Analysis of Stereotactic Accuracy and Operative Metrics

Authors

• Matthan Tharakan
• Kishore Balasubramanian
• Rohan Aggarwal
• Kiana Prather
• Helen Shi
• Ellen L. Air, Henry Ford HealthFollow
• Brian Dalm
• Arjun Khanna
• Ryan Kochanski
• Paul S Larson
• Nader Pouratian
• Andrew K Conner

Recommended Citation

Tharakan M, Balasubramanian K, Aggarwal R, Prather K, Shi H, Air EL, Dalm B, Khanna A, Kochanski R, Larson PS, Pouratian N, Conner AK. Frameless Intraoperative CT-Guided Deep Brain Stimulation: A Multi-Institutional Analysis of Stereotactic Accuracy and Operative Metrics. Stereotact Funct Neurosurg. 2026;1-12.

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

6-29-2026

Publication Title

Stereotactic and functional neurosurgery

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: MRI-guided stereotaxy provides high accuracy but is limited by the need for an interventional/intraoperative MRI environment and associated workflow complexity. ClearPoint Software v3.0 extends an established stereotactic workflow to a conventional operating room using intraoperative CT (iCT) imaging. We aimed to evaluate stereotactic accuracy and operative metrics of the ClearPoint frameless iCT image-guided system for deep brain stimulation (DBS) lead implantation.

METHODS: We performed a multicenter retrospective review of consecutive DBS lead placement procedures supported by ClearPoint Neuro Navigation System Software Version 3.0 across 7 sites during a limited market release (February 1, 2025-May 1, 2025). Primary outcomes were radial targeting error (distance between planned trajectory endpoint and final device tip position in X-Y) and operative duration (skin incision to closure).

RESULTS: Twenty-three procedures were analyzed. Median age was 67 years (range 32-89). Most cases were bilateral (87%, n = 20). Targets included subthalamic nucleus (39%, n = 9), ventral intermediate nucleus (39%, n = 9), and globus pallidus internus (22%, n = 5). Targeting accuracy was high, with median radial error of 0.20 mm on the left (range 0-1.60) and 0.20 mm on the right (range 0-1.0). Median operative duration was 127 min (range 69-225). Median intraoperative scans were 6, and procedures required a median of 2 adjustments per side.

CONCLUSION: In this first multi-institution report of ClearPoint Software v3.0 for DBS lead placement, the frameless iCT workflow demonstrated consistent submillimeter accuracy with favorable operative metrics in a standard operating room setting.

PubMed ID

42371845

First Page

1

Last Page

12