Karyotypic clonal fraction predicts adverse outcome in TP53-mutated myeloid neoplasms: an International TP53 investigators Network (iTiN) study

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

6-26-2025

Publication Title

Journal of clinical pathology

Abstract

We investigated the prognostic impact of blast counts, TP53 allelic state determinants (number of hits, del(17p), variant allele frequency, complex karyotype),and a novel karyotypic clonal cell fraction (≤50% clonal cells vs >50% clonal cells (termed 'CK50')) in 495 individuals with TP53-mutated (TP53(MUT) ) myeloid neoplasms. Outcome examined was 24-month survival (OS24). The cohort (median age 71) included 29% (144/495) myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS)/MDS-acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) (1%-19% blasts) and 71% (351/495) AML (≥ 20% blasts), with 18% (81/460) having low CK50. Overall, 83% received front-line hypomethylating agents. Higher blast counts (< 20% vs ≥ 20%) were marginally associated with CK50 (p=0.08). In the OS24 analysis, blast count showed a marginal association with OS24 (HR 1.3 (95% CI 1.0 to 1.6); p=0.07), while CK50 predicted significantly inferior outcomes (HR=1.7 (95% CI 1.2 to 2.3); p=0.002). In a multivariable model including all TP53 allelic state determinants, only CK50 and complex karyotype remained relevant for predicting adverse outcomes.

PubMed ID

40571403

ePublication

ePub ahead of print

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