Early-Life Wheeze Trajectories are Associated with Distinct Asthma Transcriptomes Later in Life: A Gene Expression Analysis of the ECHO-CREW Birth Cohorts

Document Type

Conference Proceeding

Publication Date

2-1-2025

Publication Title

J Allergy Clin Immunol

Keywords

Allergy, Immunology

Abstract

Rationale: Early childhood wheeze is characterized by heterogeneous trajectories having differential associations with later life asthma development. Methods: The Children’s Respiratory Environmental Workgroup (CREW) is a collective of 12 birth cohorts, 7 of which conducted an additional visit with a nasal lavage collected and subjected to bulk RNA-sequencing. Early-life wheeze trajectories were defined using latent class analysis of longitudinal early-life wheezing data. Weighted gene correlation network analysis was utilized to associate gene expression patterns and current asthma with early-life wheeze trajectories. Results: We investigated 743 participants (mean [SD] age 17 [5.1] years, 360 [48.5%] male). Four patterns of early life wheeze were identified: infrequent, transient, late-onset, persistent. Early-life persistent wheeze was associated with gene expression modules of type 2 inflammation (FC = 1.46, 95%CI 1.24-1.73, FDR < 0.001), metabolic dysregulation (FC = 1.32, 95%CI 1.16 – 1.50, FDR < 0.001), and epithelial development (FC = 1.18, 95%CI1.08 – 1.29, FDR = 0.001), but these modules did not distinguish those with current asthma. Children who had persistent wheeze in early life and current asthma displayed a unique increase in expression of genes enriched for neuronal processes (FC = 1.58, 95% CI 1.27 – 2.09, FDR = 0.005) and ciliated epithelial function (FC = 1.59, 95% CI 1.20 - 2.10, FDR = 0.005) compared to those without asthma. Conclusions: Early-life longitudinal wheeze trajectories are associated with specific asthma transcriptomes later in life. These data suggest early-life asthma prevention strategies may be most beneficial when tailored to the specific wheeze pattern.

Volume

155

Issue

2

First Page

AB270

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