Preoperative Nutritional Optimization of the Oncology Patient: A Scoping Review

Authors

Brian C. Brajcich
Kyle Stigall
Danielle S. Walsh
Thomas K. Varghese
Annabel E. Barber
Kurt A. Kralovich, Henry Ford HealthFollow
Annie B. Wescott
Barbara A. Pockaj
Clifford Y. Ko
Christine Laronga

Recommended Citation

Brajcich BC, Stigall K, Walsh DS, Varghese TK, Barber AE, Kralovich KA, Wescott AB, Pockaj BA, Ko CY, and Laronga C. Preoperative Nutritional Optimization of the Oncology Patient: A Scoping Review. J Am Coll Surg 2022; 234(3):384-394.

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

3-1-2022

Publication Title

Journal of the American College of Surgeons

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Malnutrition is common among patients with cancer and is a known risk factor for poor postoperative outcomes; however, preoperative nutritional optimization guidelines are lacking in this high-risk population. The objective of this study was to review the evidence regarding preoperative nutritional optimization of patients undergoing general surgical operations for the treatment of cancer.

METHODS: A literature search was performed across the Ovid (MEDLINE), Cochrane Library (Wiley), Embase (Elsevier), CINAHL (EBSCOhost), and Web of Science (Clarivate) databases. Eligible studies included randomized clinical trials, observational studies, reviews, and meta-analyses published between 2010 and 2020. Included studies evaluated clinical outcomes after preoperative nutritional interventions among adult patients undergoing surgery for gastrointestinal cancer. Data extraction was performed using a template developed and tested by the study team.

RESULTS: A total of 5,505 publications were identified, of which 69 studies were included for data synthesis after screening and full text review. These studies evaluated preoperative nutritional counseling, protein-calorie supplementation, immunonutrition supplementation, and probiotic or symbiotic supplementation.

CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative nutritional counseling and immunonutrition supplementation should be considered for patients undergoing surgical treatment of gastrointestinal malignancy. For malnourished patients, protein-calorie supplementation should be considered, and for patients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery, probiotics or symbiotic supplementation should be considered.

Medical Subject Headings

Adult; Digestive System Surgical Procedures; Humans; Malnutrition; Neoplasms; Preoperative Care

PubMed ID

35213503

Volume

234

Issue

3

First Page

384

Last Page

394