Mortality and additional treatment rates in high-risk locally advanced prostate cancer with prostate specific antigen persistence at robot-assisted radical prostatectomy: Long-term report from a single tertiary referral centre

Document Type

Conference Proceeding

Publication Date

3-1-2025

Publication Title

Eur Urol

Abstract

Introduction & Objectives: Long-term cancer control efficacy of robotic-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy (RALP) in men with locally advanced Prostate Cancer and prostate-specific-antigen (PSA) persistence remains unknown. We aimed to evaluate long-term survival and additional treatment (AT) rates in men with locally advanced PCa and PSA persistence after RALP. Materials & Methods: We included 803 patients who underwent RALP for locally advanced PCa (pT >3a, pN0-1 or GG >4) between 2001 and 2022 at a single tertiary referral centre (Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit). Patients without adequate information about PSA persistence were excluded from the analysis. Kaplan-Meier curves estimated AT free-survival, Cancer Specific Mortality (CSM) free-survival and All-cause Mortality (ACM) free-survival in the entire cohort and after stratification according to PSA persistence. Cox regression models tested the impact of PSA persistence on three endpoints: AT rates, CSM and ACM. Results: Our final cohort consisted of 675 who underwent RALP for high-risk locally advanced PCa, 203 (33%) of whom had PSA persistence. Median age (IQR) and median follow-up time (IQR) were 64 (59-68) years and 71 (28-119) months, respectively. Patients with PSA persistence were more likely to have higher PSA values at surgery (9 vs 7 ng/mL, p<0.001), pT3b-4 PCa (62.5% vs 39.6%, p<0.001), pN1 PCa (56% vs 35%, p<0.001) and positive surgical margins (PSM) (65% vs 44%, p<0.001). Moreover, patients in the PSA persistence group had higher probability to undergo only Hormone therapy (HT) (26% vs 13%, p<0.001) and Radiotherapy (RT) plus HT (56% vs 34%, p<0.001), reporting higher median PSA values at RT (0.6 vs 0.2 ng/mL, p<0.001), compared to patients with undetectable PSA. At 15 years after RALP, AT free-survival, CSM free-survival and ACM free-survival were 2% vs 23% (p<0.0001), 81% vs 87% (p= 0.01) and 68% vs 72% (p=0.11), for persistent versus undetectable PSA, respectively. The median AT free-survival time was 6.5 vs 9.9 years for persistent versus undetectable PSA, respectively. At MVA, persistent PSA was an independent predictor of AT (HR: 1.74, p<0.001), but not of CSM (HR: 1.3, p=0.4) and ACM (HR: 0.85, p=0.5). Conclusions: Patients with high-risk locally advanced PCa and PSA persistence, despite being at greater risk of AT (HT and/or RT), did not have less favorable cancer control outcomes at 15 years. Our report provides the longest follow-up after RALP for high risk PCa with PSA persistence, making it a valuable resource for counselling patients on the long-term oncologic outcomes of this procedure.

Volume

87

Issue

S1

First Page

1441

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